Acquiring an existing business is an effective way to grow, as you’re buying an established customer base, a proven trading history, and an experienced team rather than building from scratch. However, if you want to finance a business acquisition, the process can be more complex than funding a property purchase or arranging a straightforward business loan, and many buyers underestimate what’s involved.
This guide explains the main funding options to finance a business acquisition, what lenders look for, and how to give your application the best possible chance of success.
Why acquisition finance is different
When you buy a business, you’re not always buying a tangible asset that a lender can take security over. You might be buying goodwill, customer relationships, contracts, or intellectual property. These assets are valuable but harder for a lender to value and recover if things go wrong.
For this reason, lenders assess acquisition finance applications differently. They’ll want to understand the business being acquired as much as the buyer, and the strength of your plan for running and growing it after completion.
The main funding options
Business acquisition loan
The most straightforward option for many buyers is a business acquisition loan. A lender advances a lump sum to fund the purchase, secured against the assets of the business being acquired, your own assets, or both.
When deciding whether to lend, lenders will closely examine the trading history and financial performance of the business you’re buying, as well as your own experience and ability to service the debt.
Bridging finance
Where timing is a factor, for example, if you need to move quickly to secure a deal before another buyer steps in, bridging finance can provide the funds quickly.
Bridging finance is particularly useful in situations where a high street lender has approved finance but can’t move fast enough to meet the deadline. It can bridge the gap, allowing the acquisition to proceed and then be replaced by the longer-term facility.
Asset-based lending
If the business you’re acquiring holds significant assets such as equipment, vehicles, stock, or property, you may be able to borrow against them to fund part or all of the purchase. Asset-based lending can work well alongside other facilities, particularly when the business has a strong asset base but a shorter trading history.
Cash flow or unsecured lending
For smaller acquisitions, or when the buyer has a strong personal and business credit profile, unsecured lending may be available without requiring security. These facilities tend to be for lower amounts and shorter terms, but can be arranged quickly and with minimal complexity.
Seller financing
In some acquisitions, the seller agrees to defer part of the purchase price, effectively lending the buyer a portion of the cost. This reduces the amount of external finance required and can be a sign of the seller’s confidence in the business.
What lenders look for
Whether you’re approaching a high street bank or a specialist lender, most will want to see:
- The last two to three years of accounts for the business being acquired, showing a stable or growing trading position.
- Evidence that the business can service the debt.
- Your own experience and track record, particularly if you’re moving into a new sector.
- A clear plan for the business post-acquisition, including how you’ll manage the transition and maintain or grow revenue.
- Details of any security available, whether that’s business assets, property, or personal assets.
How a broker can help
Acquisition finance is a specialist area of commercial lending. Not all lenders offer it, and those that do have varying preferences for different types of business, sectors, and deal structures.
Working with a commercial finance broker means you’re not limited to the lenders you already have a relationship with. A broker has options to other options and lenders that aren’t available to you directly. They will assess your situation, identify the most suitable lenders for your specific acquisition, and present your application in the way most likely to succeed.
A broker can also help with deals that have a time-sensitive element. They know which lenders can move quickly and how to prepare an application to avoid unnecessary delays, which can be the difference between completing a deal and losing it to another buyer.
A real example
A recent client approached our Hampshire team seeking £350,000 to acquire a business and fund the launch of a new operation alongside it. Their high-street lender had approved finance but couldn’t move in time to meet the acquisition deadline.
We secured a bridging loan on interest-only terms for the first six months, allowing the acquisition to complete on time and giving them the breathing room to refinance when their high street lender’s facility was ready for drawdown. From indicative terms to completion took just three weeks.
Thinking about acquiring a business?
If you’re exploring an acquisition and want to understand your funding options, get in touch with your local ASC expert. The earlier you have that conversation, the better placed you’ll be to move quickly when the right opportunity arises.
